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The Ethics of Scientific ResearchL07
use_of_english

Use of English

Transformation, word formation and precision work in Cambridge C1 style.

50 minC1c1use_of_englishthe-ethics-of-scientific-researchword formationkey word transformationsethicsresearch

Lesson objectives

  • Improve grammatical precision and collocational control.
  • Practise exam-style transformations and word formation systematically.
  • Connect structure and lexis back to the unit theme of the ethics of scientific research.

Part 1 — Word formation

Instrucciones: Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in CAPITALS. You must use the correct derivative to fit the grammatical context.

  1. The _____ of the experiment was questioned due to a lack of transparency in the data collection process. (VALID)
  2. Ethical guidelines are essential to prevent the __ of human subjects in clinical trials. __ (EXPLOIT)
  3. Many scientists argue that the _____ of genetic engineering remains a highly controversial topic. (APPLICABILITY)
  4. The committee reached a _____ decision to halt the research immediately. (DECIDE)
  5. Without strict oversight, there is a risk of _____ research practices in private laboratories. (ETHIC)
  6. The discovery of the new virus had a profound _____ on the global scientific community. (IMPACT)
  7. It is _____ to ensure that all research is conducted with full informed consent. (IMPORTANCE)
  8. The researcher's _____ was undermined when it was discovered that the results had been manipulated. (INTEGRITY)

Part 2 — Key word transformations

Instrucciones: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

1. Although the results were inconclusive, the team decided to publish the paper. | DESPITE → The team decided to publish the paper ____ the inconclusive results.

2. He conducted the study in order to find a cure for the disease. | PURPOSE → The study was conducted __ find a cure for the disease. 3. Because of the lack of funding, the laboratory had to close down. | RESULT → The laboratory had to close down __ lack of funding. 4. She worked late every night so that she could finish the research project. | SO → She worked late every night __ the research project. 5. Even though the experiment was expensive, it provided invaluable data. | MUCH → Much __ the experiment was, it provided invaluable data. 6. Not only did they find a new species, but they also discovered a new habitat. | AS WELL AS → They discovered a new species ____ a new habitat.

Answer key

Part 1 1. validity 2. exploitation 3. applicability 4. decisive 5. unethical 6. impact 7. important 8. integrity Part 2 1. despite 2. for the purpose of 3. as a result of 4. so as to finish 5. as expensive as 6. as well as