Use of English
Transformation, word formation and precision work in Cambridge C1 style.
Lesson objectives
- Improve grammatical precision and collocational control.
- Practise exam-style transformations and word formation systematically.
- Connect structure and lexis back to the unit theme of intellectual property, patents & ai.
Part 1 — Word formation
Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in CAPITALS at the end.
- The legal debate surrounding AI-generated art remains highly ____ as lawmakers struggle to define authorship. (CONTROVERSY)
- Many tech giants hold ____ patents that prevent competitors from entering the market. (EXCLUSIVITY)
- The sudden ____ of new software tools has disrupted many creative industries. (EMERGE)
- To protect their inventions, engineers must ensure their designs are entirely ____. (ORIGIN)
- Intellectual property laws are often seen as ____ in an era of rapid digital reproduction. (INADEQUATE)
- The company faced a massive lawsuit due to the ____ infringement of a competitor's patent. (WILLING)
- The ____ of the new algorithm was so profound that it changed the industry overnight. (REVOLUTION)
- Without proper legal protection, there is little incentive for ____ investment in research. (INNOVATE)
Part 2 — Key word transformations
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and five words, including the word given.
1. It is impossible to deny that the company's success is due to its unique technology. DENIABILITY The company's success through its unique technology ________.
2. "I'm sorry I didn't tell you about the patent filing," said the lawyer to the client. REGRETTED The lawyer ________ the client about not mentioning the patent filing. 3. The scientist's discovery was so unexpected that nobody was prepared for it. SURPRISE The scientist's discovery ________ anyone. 4. It was very brave of the entrepreneur to risk everything on a single idea. COURAGE The entrepreneur ________ by risking everything on a single idea. 5. The patent was invalid because the inventor had already used the idea. VALIDITY The ____ of the patent was questioned because the inventor had already used the idea. 6. It's very likely that the new AI will replace many human jobs. PROBABILITY** There is a ____ that the new AI will replace many human jobs.
Answer key
- controversial
- exclusive
- emergence
- original
- inadequate
- willful
- revolution
- innovative
- is undeniable
- expressed regret to
- came as a surprise to
- showed great courage
- validity of
- high probability