Use of English
Transformation, word formation and precision work in Cambridge C1 style.
Lesson objectives
- Improve grammatical precision and collocational control.
- Practise exam-style transformations and word formation systematically.
- Connect structure and lexis back to the unit theme of mindfulness, meditation & cognitive well-being.
Part 1 — Word formation
Instructions: Read the text below. Use the word in CAPITALS at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
The Path to Mental Clarity
In today's fast-paced world, the (0) __ of mindfulness has become increasingly apparent. Many professionals find that regular meditation helps to mitigate the (1) __ effects of daily stress. While some argue that such practices are merely a passing trend, others believe they offer (2) _____ benefits for long-term cognitive health.
The (3) __ of maintaining a consistent practice can be challenging, especially when one's schedule is unpredictable. However, the (4) _ of being able to focus on the present moment is often worth the effort. Scientific research has provided (5) __ evidence that mindfulness can lead to structural changes in the brain, enhancing emotional (6) _.
It is important to approach these techniques without any (7) __ expectations of immediate results. Instead, one should focus on the (8) __ process of self-discovery and mental regulation.
- growing | EXAMPLE
- _____ | DESTROY
- _____ | SUBSTANTIAL
- _____ | DIFFICULTY
- _____ | REWARD
- _____ | IRREFUTABLE
- _____ | STABILITY
- _____ | UNREALISTIC
- _____ | CONTINUOUS
Part 2 — Key word transformations
Instructions: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and five words, including the word given. 1. It is widely accepted that clear writing is essential in professional environments. | REGARD The importance of clear writing ____ in professional environments. 2. I was surprised by how much the data changed after the second analysis. | TURNED The data ____ after the second analysis, which surprised me. 3. He didn't realize that his report was too long until his manager pointed it out. | NOTICE It ____ that his report was too long until his manager pointed it out. 4. We need to consider all the factors before we make a final decision. | TAKE All the factors ____ before we make a final decision. 5. The results were so unexpected that the team had to restart the experiment. | CAUSE The unexpected results ____ the team to restart the experiment. 6. It is unlikely that the new policy will be implemented this month. | CHANCE There is ____ the new policy will be implemented this month.
Answer key
- destructive
- substantial
- difficulty
- reward
- irrefutable
- stability
- unrealistic
- continuous
- is held in high regard
- turned out to be different
- was not until then noticed
- must be taken into account
- caused the team to
- little chance that