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Neuroscience & Brain ResearchL03
vocabulary

Vocabulary Lab

High-value C1 vocabulary with pronunciation, collocations and examples.

45 minC1c1vocabularyneuroscience-brain-researchneuroplasticitycognitivoempíricoetiología

Lesson objectives

  • Learn advanced lexical items related to neuroscience & brain research.
  • Reuse collocations and pronunciation cues more accurately.
  • Transfer high-value vocabulary into speaking and writing tasks.

Vocabulario C1 — Neuroscience & Brain Research

30 palabras con definición, traducción, ejemplo y audio.

cognitive impairment //

/ˈkɒɡnɪtɪv ɪmˈpeərmənt/n
Definition:A decline in mental abilities such as memory, reasoning, and communication due to brain dysfunction.
Traducción:deterioro cognitivo
Example:Recent longitudinal studies suggest that early intervention can significantly delay the onset of cognitive impairment in aging populations.
Collocation:severe cognitive impairment
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    • neuroplasticity //

    /ˌnjʊərəʊplæˈstɪsəti/n
    Definition:The ability of the brain to form and reorganize synaptic connections, especially in response to learning or injury.
    Traducción:neuroplasticidad
    Example:The research highlights how neuroplasticity allows the brain to recover functions after a stroke.
    Collocation:remarkable neuroplasticity
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    • pathological //

    /ˌpæθəˈlɒdʒɪkl/adj
    Definition:Relating to or caused by a physical or mental disease.
    Traducción:patológico
    Example:The scientists identified pathological changes in the brain tissue that were indicative of early-stage Alzheimer's.
    Collocation:pathological changes
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    • to underpin //

    /tuː ˌʌndəˈpɪn/v
    Definition:To form the basis or foundation of something.
    Traducción:sustentar / ser la base de
    Example:These neurological findings underpin our current understanding of how consciousness emerges.
    Collocation:to underpin a theory
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    • empirical //

    /ɪmˈpɪrɪkl/adj
    Definition:Based on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
    Traducción:empírico
    Example:The team is seeking empirical evidence to support the link between sleep deprivation and neurodegeneration.
    Collocation:empirical evidence
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    • to elucidate //

    /tuː ɪˈluːsɪdeɪt/v
    Definition:To make something clear; to explain.
    Traducción:dilucidar / esclarecer
    Example:Advanced imaging techniques were used to elucidate the complex neural pathways involved in decision-making.
    Collocation:to elucidate a mechanism
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    • manifestation //

    /ˌmænɪfɛˈsteɪʃn/n
    Definition:An event, symptom, or sign that shows the presence of something.
    Traducción:manifestación
    Example:The clinical manifestation of the disorder can vary significantly between different patients.
    Collocation:clinical manifestation
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    • to correlate //

    /tuː ˈkɒrəleɪt/v
    Definition:To have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another.
    Traducción:correlacionar
    Example:Researchers found that dopamine levels correlate strongly with the brain's reward processing speed.
    Collocation:to correlate with
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    • etiology //

    /ˌiːtiˈɒlədʒi/n
    Definition:The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition.
    Traducción:etiología
    Example:The exact etiology of Parkinson's disease remains a subject of intense scientific debate.
    Collocation:unknown etiology
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    • to substantiate //

    /tuː səbˈstænʃieɪt/v
    Definition:To provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something.
    Traducción:sustanciar / corroborar
    Example:New data from the 2025 study helps to substantiate the hypothesis regarding synaptic pruning.
    Collocation:to substantiate a claim
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    • breakthrough //

    /ˈbreɪkθruː/n
    Definition:A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development.
    Traducción:avance / hallazgo revolucionario
    Example:The laboratory announced a major breakthrough in brain-computer interface technology.
    Collocation:scientific breakthrough
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    • to implement //

    /tuː ˈɪmplɪment/v
    Definition:To put a decision, plan, or agreement into effect.
    Traducción:implementar
    Example:The hospital plans to implement new neuro-diagnostic protocols by the end of the fiscal year.
    Collocation:to implement a protocol
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    • feasibility //

    /ˌfiːzəˈbɪləti/n
    Definition:The state or degree of being easily or conveniently done.
    Traducción:viabilidad
    Example:The board is assessing the feasibility of using AI-driven neuro-mapping in clinical practice.
    Collocation:technical feasibility
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    • to streamline //

    /tuː ˈstriːmlaɪn/v
    Definition:To make an organization or system more efficient and effective.
    Traducción:optimizar / agilizar
    Example:We need to streamline our data collection process to ensure faster analysis of neurological scans.
    Collocation:to streamline a process
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    • cutting-edge //

    /ˌkʌtɪŋ ˈedʒ/adj
    Definition:Highly advanced; innovative.
    Traducción:vanguardista / de última generación
    Example:The clinic uses cutting-edge neuro-imaging to detect early signs of degenerative diseases.
    Collocation:cutting-edge technology
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    • to spearhead //

    /tuː ˈspɪəhed/v
    Definition:To lead an attack or movement.
    Traducción:encabezar / liderar
    Example:Dr. Aris is expected to spearhead the new international research initiative on neuro-ethics.
    Collocation:to spearhead a project
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    • paradigm shift //

    /ˈpærədaɪm ʃɪft/n
    Definition:A fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions.
    Traducción:cambio de paradigma
    Example:The discovery of neural networks in the gut represents a true paradigm shift in biological science.
    Collocation:a major paradigm shift
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    • to facilitate //

    /tuː fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/v
    Definition:To make an action or process easy or easier.
    Traducción:facilitar
    Example:The new drug is designed to facilitate neurotransmitter release in patients with depression.
    Collocation:to facilitate communication
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    • comprehensive //

    /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/adj
    Definition:Complete; including all or everything.
    Traducción:exhaustivo / integral
    Example:A comprehensive neurological assessment is required before proceeding with the experimental surgery.
    Collocation:comprehensive study
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    • to mitigate //

    /tuː ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/v
    Definition:To make something less severe, serious, or painful.
    Traducción:mitigar
    Example:Therapies are being developed to mitigate the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury.
    Collocation:to mitigate risks
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    • brain fog //

    /breɪn fɒɡ/n
    Definition:A feeling of mental confusion or lack of clarity.
    Traducción:neblina mental
    Example:Many patients reported experiencing persistent brain fog following their viral infection.
    Collocation:severe brain fog
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    • to rewire //

    /tuː ˌriːˈwaɪə/v
    Definition:To change the way something is organized or how it works (often used metaphorically for the brain).
    Traducción:reconfigurar / reconectar
    Example:Through intensive therapy, the patient managed to rewire certain neural pathways to regain motor control.
    Collocation:to rewire the brain
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    • neurodivergent //

    /ˌnjʊərəʊdaɪˈvɜːrdʒənt/adj
    Definition:Having a brain that functions, learns, and processes information differently than what is considered 'typical'.
    Traducción:neurodivergente
    Example:The workshop focused on creating inclusive environments for neurodivergent professionals.
    Collocation:neurodivergent individuals
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    • to hack //

    /tuː hæk/v
    Definition:To find a clever, non-obvious way to solve a problem or improve a system (often used with 'brain').
    Traducción:hackear / optimizar de forma ingeniosa
    Example:Biohackers are looking for ways to hack their own neurochemistry to increase focus.
    Collocation:to hack the brain
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    • mind-blowing //

    /ˌmaɪnd ˈbləʊɪŋ/adj
    Definition:Extremely impressive, surprising, or exciting.
    Traducción:alucinante / asombroso
    Example:The resolution of the new fMRI scans is absolutely mind-blowing.
    Collocation:mind-blowing discovery
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    • to tap into //

    /tuː tæp ˈɪntuː/v
    Definition:To access or make use of something.
    Traducción:aprovechar / acceder a
    Example:The goal of the interface is to tap into the user's subconscious intent to control the prosthetic limb.
    Collocation:to tap into potential
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    • glitch //

    /ɡlɪtʃ/n
    Definition:A sudden, temporary malfunction or fault in a system (often used metaphorically for brain errors).
    Traducción:error / fallo técnico
    Example:Some researchers describe certain hallucinations as a temporary glitch in the brain's sensory processing.
    Collocation:a minor glitch
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    • to vibe with //

    /tuː vaɪb wɪð/v
    Definition:To feel a connection or harmony with something/someone (informal).
    Traducción:conectar con / sentirse en sintonía con
    Example:It's fascinating how our brain chemistry allows us to vibe so well with certain people.
    Collocation:to vibe with someone
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    • biohacking //

    /ˈbaɪəʊhækɪŋ/n
    Definition:The practice of using science and technology to optimize one's own health and cognitive performance.
    Traducción:biohacking
    Example:The rise of biohacking has sparked a massive debate regarding the ethics of cognitive enhancement.
    Collocation:the biohacking movement
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    • to be wired //

    /tuː biː ˈwaɪəd/phrase
    Definition:To be naturally inclined or programmed to behave in a certain way.
    Traducción:estar programado / tener una inclinación natural
    Example:Humans are hard-wired to seek social connection for survival.
    Collocation:to be hard-wired
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