AULAFYCurso abierto de inglés C1
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Social Class, Privilege & MobilityL03
vocabulary

Vocabulary Lab

High-value C1 vocabulary with pronunciation, collocations and examples.

45 minC1c1vocabularysocial-class-privilege-mobilityprivilegeinequitymobilitystratification

Lesson objectives

  • Learn advanced lexical items related to social class, privilege & mobility.
  • Reuse collocations and pronunciation cues more accurately.
  • Transfer high-value vocabulary into speaking and writing tasks.

Vocabulario C1 — Social Class, Privilege & Mobility

30 palabras con definición, traducción, ejemplo y audio.

stratification //

/ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n
Definition:The arrangement or classification of something into different groups, especially in terms of social hierarchy.
Traducción:estratificación
Example:Sociologists argue that digital inequality has led to a new form of social stratification in the 2020s.
Collocation:social stratification
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    • socioeconomic //

    /ˌsəʊsɪəʊˌekəˈnɒmɪk/adj
    Definition:Relating to or concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors.
    Traducción:socioeconómico
    Example:The study examines how socioeconomic background influences access to higher education.
    Collocation:socioeconomic status
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    • meritocracy //

    /ˌmerɪˈtɒkrəsi/n
    Definition:A social system in which advancement is based on individual ability or achievement.
    Traducción:meritocracia
    Example:Critics argue that the current education system is far from a true meritocracy.
    Collocation:a pure meritocracy
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    • marginalised //

    /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪzd/adj
    Definition:Treated as insignificant or peripheral; pushed to the edges of society.
    Traducción:marginado/a
    Example:Policy changes must address the needs of marginalised communities to ensure true equality.
    Collocation:marginalised groups
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    • disparity //

    /dɪˈspærəti/n
    Definition:A great difference, especially one that is unfair.
    Traducción:disparidad
    Example:The widening wealth disparity remains a central issue in modern political discourse.
    Collocation:wealth disparity
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    • upward mobility //

    /ˈʌpwəd ˌməʊbɪlɪti/n
    Definition:The ability of an individual or group to move to a higher social or economic status.
    Traducción:movilidad ascendente
    Example:Economic stagnation has significantly hindered upward mobility for the younger generation.
    Collocation:lack of upward mobility
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    • aspiration //

    /ˌæspəˈreɪʃn/n
    Definition:A hope or ambition of achieving something.
    Traducción:aspiración
    Example:Educational equality is vital for fulfilling the aspirations of children from low-income families.
    Collocation:career aspirations
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    • hegemony //

    /hɪˈɡɛməni/n
    Definition:Leadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others.
    Traducción:hegemonía
    Example:Cultural hegemony often dictates what is considered 'normal' in mainstream society.
    Collocation:cultural hegemony
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    • disenfranchised //

    /ˌdɪsɪnˈfræntʃaɪzd/adj
    Definition:Deprived of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote or have a voice.
    Traducción:privado de derechos / marginado
    Example:The growing number of disenfranchised voters is reshaping the political landscape.
    Collocation:the disenfranchised electorate
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    • inequity //

    /ɪnˈɛkwɪti/n
    Definition:Lack of fairness or justice.
    Traducción:inequidad
    Example:Systemic inequity in housing policy has long-term effects on community development.
    Collocation:systemic inequity
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    • nepotism //

    /ˈnɛpətɪzəm/n
    Definition:The practice among those with power or influence of favoring relatives or friends.
    Traducción:nepotismo
    Example:The company's culture was criticised for rampant nepotism in executive appointments.
    Collocation:to practice nepotism
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    • entrenched //

    /ɪnˈtrɛntʃt/adj
    Definition:Firmly established and difficult to change.
    Traducción:arraigado
    Example:Breaking through entrenched class barriers requires radical structural reform.
    Collocation:entrenched attitudes
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    • privilege //

    /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/n
    Definition:A special right, advantage, or immunity granted only to a particular person or group.
    Traducción:privilegio
    Example:Recognising one's own privilege is the first step towards social justice.
    Collocation:unearned privilege
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    • prestige //

    /presˈtiːʒ/n
    Definition:Widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something.
    Traducción:prestigio
    Example:Attending an Ivy League university still carries immense social prestige.
    Collocation:social prestige
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    • socioeconomic divide //

    /ˌsəʊsɪəʊˌekəˈnɒmɪk dɪˈvaɪd/n phrase
    Definition:The gap between different social and economic classes.
    Traducción:brecha socioeconómica
    Example:The widening socioeconomic divide is creating more segregated urban environments.
    Collocation:deepening socioeconomic divide
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    • glass ceiling //

    /ɡlɑːs ˈsiːlɪŋ/n phrase
    Definition:An unacknowledged barrier to advancement in a profession, especially affecting women and minorities.
    Traducción:techo de cristal
    Example:Despite progress, many women still encounter a glass ceiling in corporate leadership.
    Collocation:to break the glass ceiling
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    • clout //

    /klaʊt/n
    Definition:Influence or power, especially in politics or business.
    Traducción:influencia / poder
    Example:The family used their political clout to secure lucrative contracts for their businesses.
    Collocation:political clout
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    • affluent //

    /ˈæfluənt/adj
    Definition:Having a great deal of money; wealthy.
    Traducción:próspero / adinerado
    Example:The new tech hub is located in one of the most affluent suburbs of the city.
    Collocation:an affluent neighbourhood
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    • underprivileged //

    /ˌʌndəˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/adj
    Definition:Lacking the rights and advantages enjoyed by most people in a society.
    Traducción:desfavorecido
    Example:Scholarships are available to support students from underprivileged backgrounds.
    Collocation:underprivileged children
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    • gatekeeping //

    /ˈɡeɪtkiːpɪŋ/n
    Definition:The activity of controlling, dictating, or limiting access to something.
    Traducción:control de acceso / exclusivismo
    Example:Social gatekeeping often prevents outsiders from entering elite professional circles.
    Collocation:cultural gatekeeping
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    • climbing the ladder //

    /ˈklaɪmɪŋ ðə ˈlædə/idiom
    Definition:To advance in one's career or social status.
    Traducción:ascender en la escala social/laboral
    Example:In the 2020s, many feel that climbing the corporate ladder is harder than ever.
    Collocation:climbing the career ladder
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    • status symbol //

    /ˈsteɪtəs ˈsɪmbəl/n phrase
    Definition:A possession that is intended to show a person's wealth or high social position.
    Traducción:símbolo de estatus
    Example:Luxury electric vehicles have become the ultimate status symbol for the modern elite.
    Collocation:a blatant status symbol
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    • social mobility //

    /ˈsəʊʃəl ˌməʊbɪlɪti/n phrase
    Definition:The movement of individuals or groups between different social layers.
    Traducción:movilidad social
    Example:Economic policies should aim to foster social mobility for all citizens.
    Collocation:lack of social mobility
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    • class warfare //

    /klɑːs ˈwɛəfɛə/n phrase
    Definition:Conflict between different social classes.
    Traducción:lucha de clases
    Example:Political rhetoric often leans into class warfare to polarise the electorate.
    Collocation:to incite class warfare
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    • nepo baby // (n (slang/informal))

    /ˈnɛpəʊ ˈbeɪbi/formal
    Definition:A person, typically a celebrity, whose success is attributed to their influential parents.
    Traducción:hijo/a de famosos (con privilegios)
    Example:The term 'nepo baby' has become a common way to discuss inherited privilege in Hollywood.
    Collocation:to be a nepo baby
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    • gatekeep //

    /ˈɡeɪtkiːp/v
    Definition:To control access to something, often in a way that excludes others.
    Traducción:controlar el acceso / excluir
    Example:She was accused of gatekeeping the industry to prevent newcomers from succeeding.
    Collocation:to gatekeep information
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    • eat the rich // (phrase (idiom/slang))

    /iːt ðə rɪtʃ/
    Definition:A slogan used to express anger towards the wealthy and desire for wealth redistribution.
    Traducción:comerse a los ricos (luchar contra la élite)
    Example:The 'eat the rich' sentiment has seen a massive resurgence in online political activism.
    Collocation:the 'eat the rich' movement
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    • generational wealth //

    /ˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃənl ˈwɛlθ/n phrase
    Definition:Assets passed down from one generation to the next.
    Traducción:riqueza generacional
    Example:The ability to buy a house in 2025 often depends on having access to generational wealth.
    Collocation:accumulate generational wealth
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    • out of touch //

    /aʊt əv tʌtʃ/adj phrase
    Definition:Unable to understand the reality or feelings of others, especially the general public.
    Traducción:desconectado de la realidad
    Example:Many voters felt the ruling class was completely out of touch with everyday struggles.
    Collocation:completely out of touch
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    • social climber //

    /ˈsəʊʃəl ˈklaɪmə/n
    Definition:A person who attempts to gain a higher social position through marriage or associations.
    Traducción:trepador/a social
    Example:He was often dismissed as a social climber by the established aristocracy.
    Collocation:to be seen as a social climber
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