Grammar Focus
Detailed explanation, examples and controlled practice for the unit grammar point.
Lesson objectives
- Recognise and control Verb patterns: infinitive vs -ing after verbs (stop to do vs stop doing).
- Notice common errors Spanish-speaking learners make at advanced level.
- Apply the structure in exam-style sentences related to digital health & telemedicine.
Explicación (en español)
En inglés, algunos verbos pueden ir seguidos tanto de un infinitivo (to do) como de un gerundio (doing), pero el significado cambia drásticamente. Este es uno de los puntos más complejos para los estudiantes de nivel C1, ya que en español solemos usar la misma estructura para ambos casos, lo que genera confusión. La clave reside en entender si la acción es el objetivo de la frase o si la acción es la interrupción/finalización de algo que ya estaba ocurriendo.
Por ejemplo, con el verbo stop, si decimos "stop to do", significa que nos detenemos en medio de una actividad para empezar a hacer otra (el infinitivo indica propósito). Si decimos "stop doing", significa que dejamos de realizar la actividad por completo. Este mismo patrón ocurre con verbos como remember, forget o try. En el contexto de la salud digital, esto es vital: "The patient stopped taking medication" (dejó de tomarla) vs "The patient stopped to take medication" (se detuvo para tomarla).
Un error muy común entre los hispanohablantes es traducir literalmente "dejar de hacer algo" como "stop to do". En inglés, para expresar que una actividad ha cesado, siempre debemos usar el gerundio (-ing). Otro error frecuente es olvidar que el infinitivo suele indicar una intención o un propósito futuro, mientras que el gerundio se refiere a la acción en sí misma o a una experiencia previa.
Para dominar este tema a nivel C1, no basta con memorizar listas; hay que analizar el contexto. Pregúntate siempre: ¿La segunda acción es el propósito de la primera? Si es así, usa el infinitivo. ¿La segunda acción es la actividad que se está abandonando o finalizando? Si es así, usa el gerundio.
Form — estructura
| Verb Pattern | Meaning / Usage | Example Concept |
|---|---|---|
| Verb + -ing (Gerund) | To end an activity or talk about the action itself. | Stop smoking (Dejar el hábito). |
| Verb + to + infinitive | To do something in order to achieve a purpose. | Stop to smoke (Parar para fumar). |
| Verb + object + -ing | To witness or experience someone doing something. | I saw him typing (Lo vi escribiendo). |
| Verb + object + infinitive | To request or command someone to do something. | I asked him to type (Le pedí que escribiera). |
Examples
- The doctor suggested stopping the treatment immediately due to side effects. (El médico sugirió detener el tratamiento inmediatamente debido a los efectos secundarios).
- We had to stop to check the patient's vital signs on the digital monitor. (Tuvimos que detenernos para comprobar los signos vitales del paciente en el monitor digital).
- Many elderly patients forget to log in to their telemedicine apps. (Muchos pacientes de edad avanzada olvidan iniciar sesión en sus aplicaciones de telemedicina).
- I remember uploading the medical reports yesterday. (Recuerdo haber subido los informes médicos ayer).
- Please, remember to update your health profile once a week. (Por favor, recuerda actualizar tu perfil de salud una vez a la semana).
- The software failed to stop processing the data when the connection was lost. (El software no logró dejar de procesar los datos cuando se perdió la conexión).
- He stopped to consult the specialist via video call. (Él se detuvo para consultar al especialista mediante una videollamada).
- They regret not adopting digital health tools sooner. (Lamentan no haber adoptado las herramientas de salud digital antes).
Contrast
-
✗ He stopped smoking to call the doctor. (Incorrecto si quieres decir que dejó el hábito para llamar). ✓ He stopped smoking. (Correcto: dejó el hábito de fumar). Note: If you want to say he paused his activity to make a call, use "He stopped to call the doctor".
-
✗ I remember to sending the results. ✓ I remember sending the results. Note: Use -ing for memories of past actions. "I remember sending" means the action is already done.
-
✗ We stopped to discuss the diagnosis. (This means we halted our movement to talk). ✓ We stopped discussing the diagnosis. (This means the discussion has ended). Note: The meaning changes based on whether the discussion was the purpose or the activity being ceased.
-
✗ She forgot calling the clinic. (Meaning: She did it, but has no memory of it). ✓ She forgot to call the clinic. (Meaning: She didn't call because she forgot). Note: "Forgot to do" = failed to perform a task. "Forgot doing" = lost the memory of a past event.
Mini-quiz — 10 preguntas
Part 1: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets (Infinitive or -ing).
- The nurse stopped ____ (check) the patient's pulse to answer the phone.
- I clearly remember ____ (receive) the digital prescription via email last week.
- If you want to improve your health, you should stop ____ (eat) processed foods.
- Don't forget ____ (register) your new wearable device before using it.
Part 2: Multiple Choice. Choose the correct option (a, b, or c).
-
The surgeon stopped ____ the procedure to consult the latest scan. a) performing b) to perform c) perform
-
I'll never forget ____ my first remote surgery via telemedicine. a) to perform b) performing c) perform
-
We need to stop ____ so much personal data on insecure servers. a) storing b) to store c) store
Part 3: Sentence Transformation. Rewrite the sentence using the word in bold so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given.
-
STOP He ended his habit of using paper records to use tablets. He ________ using paper records to use tablets.
-
REMEMBER I have a memory of visiting that clinic when I was a child. I ________ that clinic when I was a child.
-
TRY He made an attempt to fix the software error. He ________ the software error.
Respuestas: 1. to check 2. receiving 3. eating 4. to register 5. b) to perform 6. b) performing 7. a) storing 8. stopped 9. remember visiting 10. tried to fix